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The 2026 State Restrictive Covenant Reset: Auditing Agreements and Litigating Non-Solicits

Restrictive covenants drafted before 2026 may no longer hold. Audit multistate agreements against new state legislation, draft narrower confidentiality and non-solicitation replacements, build the evidentiary record for injunctive relief, and litigate overbreadth before a court rewrites your covenant.

2026-11-19 12:00:00

Program Details

2026-11-19 12:00:00

2026-11-19 12:00:00

2h CLE Credits

2026-11-19 12:00:00

Program Details

2026-11-19 12:00:00

Program Details

2026-11-19 12:00:00

Over 1,000+ webinars

2026-11-19 12:00:00

Course Overview

The Agreement Sitting in Your Files Was Drafted for a Rule That No Longer Applies

2026-11-19 12:00:00

This is not the noncompete landscape you audited two years ago. New state legislation takes effect in 2026. The FTC’s attempted noncompete ban remains unresolved. Federal and state court decisions have reshaped the enforcement standards underneath agreements already signed.

Keep a stale noncompete on file, and you may be enforcing a restriction no court will honor. Miss a compensation or income threshold, and the covenant fails at the outset. Draft a choice-of-law or forum-selection clause carelessly, and you create a second dispute. Move too slowly after a departure, and the evidentiary record for a temporary restraining order is gone.

You leave with an audit process for agreements already in force. You leave with drafting language for geographic, temporal, and activity-based limitations. You leave with a replacement package of confidentiality, non-solicitation, and trade-secret protections. And you leave with the judgment a research tool cannot supply: when to seek an injunction, and how to argue overbreadth and severability.

Format

CLE Credit

2h CLE Credits

Level

Intermediate

Length

2

Key topics that will be covered

01
Multistate Audit Process
Run existing employee agreements through a state-by-state audit that flags the provisions 2026 state legislation and evolving enforcement standards have already put at risk.
02
Thresholds and Tailoring
Test each covenant against employee compensation and income thresholds, then narrow the geographic, temporal, and activity-based limitations to what the governing state will enforce.
03
Choice-of-Law Exposure
Use choice-of-law and forum-selection provisions without inviting a second dispute when the employee, the employer, and the customers sit in different states.
04
Noncompete Replacements
Replace vulnerable noncompetes with narrower confidentiality, non-solicitation, and trade-secret protections that hold where the original restriction would not.
05
Solicitation and Injunctions
Prove customer, employee, and prospective-client solicitation in disputed circumstances, and build the evidentiary record a temporary restraining order or preliminary injunction demands.
06
Overbreadth and Overlapping Claims
Separate legitimate protection of customer relationships from impermissible restraints, anticipate blue-penciling and judicial modification, and coordinate with trade-secret, confidentiality, and business-tort theories.

Program schedule

clock 12:00 pm - 1:00 pm EST

Auditing and Rebuilding Restrictive Covenant Agreements in 2026

Attorneys will develop a practical process for auditing existing restrictive-covenant agreements across multiple states and identifying provisions that require revision, replacement, or closer scrutiny under the evolving legal landscape. The session will address the impact of 2026 state legislation and changing enforcement standards, including employee compensation and income thresholds that may affect enforceability. It will also examine strategies for drafting reasonable geographic, temporal, and activity-based limitations, using choice-of-law and forum-selection provisions without creating additional enforcement challenges, and replacing vulnerable noncompete provisions with narrower confidentiality, non-solicitation, and trade-secret protections.

James R. O’ConnorJames R. O’Connor
clock 1:10 pm - 2:10 pm EST

Litigating Non-Solicits, Injunctions, and Overbroad Covenants

Attorneys will examine the practical litigation decisions that arise when an employee departs and an employer seeks immediate enforcement of non-solicitation provisions and related protections. The session will address how to establish customer, employee, and prospective-client solicitation through disputed facts and available evidence, build the record needed for temporary restraining orders and preliminary injunctions, and distinguish legitimate protection of customer relationships from impermissible restraints on competition. It will also explore overbreadth, blue-penciling, severability, and judicial modification of restrictive covenants, along with choice-of-law disputes and litigation strategies involving overlapping trade-secret, confidentiality, and business-tort claims.

James R. O’ConnorJames R. O’Connor
James R. O’Connor

James R. O’Connor

Phillips Lytle

James R. O’Connor

James R. O’Connor

Phillips Lytle

James R. O’Connor is a partner at Phillips Lytle whose practice areas include restrictive covenants, trade secrets and unfair competition, employment litigation, business litigation, breach of contract, business torts, and shareholder and partner disputes and dissolutions. He represents businesses in complex commercial litigation in state and federal courts and counsels employers on state and federal employment law, working with human resources professionals, general counsels and business owners to manage risk and comply with the law while minimizing business disruption. He co-leads the firm’s Internal Investigations Practice Team, where his areas of focus include trade secret theft, executive malfeasance, systemic harassment and retaliation, political corruption allegations, and fraud, waste and abuse. He practices from the firm’s Buffalo and New York City offices.

Education & Credentials

Mr. O'Connor earned his J.D. from Hofstra University School of Law in 2014, where he served as Senior Notes and Comments Editor of the Hofstra Law Review. He received a B.S., summa cum laude, from the University of Detroit Mercy in 2010. He is admitted to practice in New York and Pennsylvania, and before the U.S. District Courts for the Northern, Southern and Western Districts of New York, the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, and the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Western District of New York.

Recognition & Leadership

He serves as Co-Leader of Phillips Lytle's Internal Investigations Practice Team. He is listed in Chambers USA: America's Leading Lawyers for Business (2026) and in The Best Lawyers in America (2027), and was named to City & State New York's Labor Power 100 for 2025-2026 and to the Buffalo Business First 40 Under 40 class of 2026. He was named an Upstate New York Super Lawyers Rising Star from 2022 through 2025. He has been recognized on the U.S. District Court for the Western District of New York Pro Bono Honor Roll from 2022 through 2025 and was honored by the New York State Bar Association Empire State Counsel Program for pro bono work in 2022 and 2025.

Professional Involvement

Within the American Bar Association, he serves as Regional Co-Chair of the Committee on Practice & Procedure under the NLRA and participates in the Labor and Employment Law Section, the Litigation Section, and the Young Lawyers Division. He belongs to the New York State Bar Association's Commercial & Federal Litigation Section and Labor and Employment Law Section, and to the Bar Association of Erie County's Commercial Litigation and Bankruptcy Law Committee and Federal Practice Committee. He serves as Secretary and Fundraising/Development Committee Chair of the Seneca Street Community Development Center, Treasurer of the Charles S. Desmond American Inn of Court, and Secretary of WNY United Against Drug & Alcohol Abuse. Earlier in his career, he served as a volunteer confidential law clerk to Justice Eugene M. Fahey of the New York State Court of Appeals and as a court assistant in Cattaraugus County Family Court within the New York State Unified Court System.

Experience

Mr. O'Connor has litigated business and employment law disputes for nearly a decade, with a practice that spans restrictive covenants, trade secrets and unfair competition, business torts, breach of contract, and shareholder and partner disputes and dissolutions. His internal investigations work includes trade secret theft, and he has conducted workplace investigations both for clients and as a neutral third party. He authored “Checklist for Pennsylvania-Based Employers” and “Understanding the Compliance Gap Between PA and NY” in the Decision Associates Newsletter in January 2026, and presented “Artificial Intelligence at Work: Employment Law, Ethical, and Trade Secret Considerations” at a Defense Trial Lawyers Association of WNY CLE in October 2024 and “Artificial Intelligence at Work: Employment Law and Trade Secret Considerations” at an Inn of Court meeting in November 2023.

He has litigated in state and federal courts across the country for clients in financial and banking, manufacturing, construction, not-for-profit, real estate, retail, hospitality and trucking, has represented clients before various administrative bodies, and has defended against government investigations. He presents frequently on emerging labor and employment developments, including “When Federal Priorities Shift: Navigating Employment Law in New York” at a Phillips Lytle Advance U CLE in January 2026, “The Robots Are Recruiting: HR in the Age of AI” at the 2026 SHRM New York State Conference, and recurring Labor and Employment Legal Updates for the Buffalo Niagara Human Resources Association.
James R. O’Connor

James R. O’Connor

Phillips Lytle

James R. O’Connor is a partner at Phillips Lytle whose practice areas include restrictive covenants, trade secrets and unfair competition, employment litigation, business litigation, breach of contract, business torts, and shareholder and partner disputes and dissolutions. He represents businesses in complex commercial litigation in state and federal courts and counsels employers on state and federal employment law, working with human resources professionals, general counsels and business owners to manage risk and comply with the law while minimizing business disruption. He co-leads the firm’s Internal Investigations Practice Team, where his areas of focus include trade secret theft, executive malfeasance, systemic harassment and retaliation, political corruption allegations, and fraud, waste and abuse. He practices from the firm’s Buffalo and New York City offices.

Education & Credentials

Mr. O'Connor earned his J.D. from Hofstra University School of Law in 2014, where he served as Senior Notes and Comments Editor of the Hofstra Law Review. He received a B.S., summa cum laude, from the University of Detroit Mercy in 2010. He is admitted to practice in New York and Pennsylvania, and before the U.S. District Courts for the Northern, Southern and Western Districts of New York, the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, and the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Western District of New York.

Recognition & Leadership

He serves as Co-Leader of Phillips Lytle's Internal Investigations Practice Team. He is listed in Chambers USA: America's Leading Lawyers for Business (2026) and in The Best Lawyers in America (2027), and was named to City & State New York's Labor Power 100 for 2025-2026 and to the Buffalo Business First 40 Under 40 class of 2026. He was named an Upstate New York Super Lawyers Rising Star from 2022 through 2025. He has been recognized on the U.S. District Court for the Western District of New York Pro Bono Honor Roll from 2022 through 2025 and was honored by the New York State Bar Association Empire State Counsel Program for pro bono work in 2022 and 2025.

Professional Involvement

Within the American Bar Association, he serves as Regional Co-Chair of the Committee on Practice & Procedure under the NLRA and participates in the Labor and Employment Law Section, the Litigation Section, and the Young Lawyers Division. He belongs to the New York State Bar Association's Commercial & Federal Litigation Section and Labor and Employment Law Section, and to the Bar Association of Erie County's Commercial Litigation and Bankruptcy Law Committee and Federal Practice Committee. He serves as Secretary and Fundraising/Development Committee Chair of the Seneca Street Community Development Center, Treasurer of the Charles S. Desmond American Inn of Court, and Secretary of WNY United Against Drug & Alcohol Abuse. Earlier in his career, he served as a volunteer confidential law clerk to Justice Eugene M. Fahey of the New York State Court of Appeals and as a court assistant in Cattaraugus County Family Court within the New York State Unified Court System.

Experience

Mr. O'Connor has litigated business and employment law disputes for nearly a decade, with a practice that spans restrictive covenants, trade secrets and unfair competition, business torts, breach of contract, and shareholder and partner disputes and dissolutions. His internal investigations work includes trade secret theft, and he has conducted workplace investigations both for clients and as a neutral third party. He authored “Checklist for Pennsylvania-Based Employers” and “Understanding the Compliance Gap Between PA and NY” in the Decision Associates Newsletter in January 2026, and presented “Artificial Intelligence at Work: Employment Law, Ethical, and Trade Secret Considerations” at a Defense Trial Lawyers Association of WNY CLE in October 2024 and “Artificial Intelligence at Work: Employment Law and Trade Secret Considerations” at an Inn of Court meeting in November 2023.

He has litigated in state and federal courts across the country for clients in financial and banking, manufacturing, construction, not-for-profit, real estate, retail, hospitality and trucking, has represented clients before various administrative bodies, and has defended against government investigations. He presents frequently on emerging labor and employment developments, including “When Federal Priorities Shift: Navigating Employment Law in New York” at a Phillips Lytle Advance U CLE in January 2026, “The Robots Are Recruiting: HR in the Age of AI” at the 2026 SHRM New York State Conference, and recurring Labor and Employment Legal Updates for the Buffalo Niagara Human Resources Association.

Credits by state

AK2.0
AL2.0
AR2.0
AZ2.0
CA2.0
CO2.0
CT2.0
DC2.0
DE2.0
FL2.0
GA2.0
HI2.0
IA2.0
ID2.0
IL2.0
IN2.0
KS2.0
KY2.0
LA2.0
MA2.0
MD2.0
ME2.0
MI2.0
MN2.0
MO2.4
MS2.0
MT2.0
NC2.0
ND2.0
NE2.0
NH120.0
NJ2.0
NM2.0
NV2.0
NY2.0
OH2.0
OK2.5
OR2.0
PA2.0
RI2.5
SC2.0
SD2.0
TN2.0
TX2.0
UT2.0
VA2.0
VT2.0
WA2.0
WI2.0
WV2.4
WY2.0

1000+

Live stream programs

24/7

Access to live webinars & recordings

70,000+

Trusted by Legal Professionals

1000+

Live stream programs

24/7

Access to live webinars & recordings

70,000+

Trusted by Legal Professionals

1000+

Live stream programs

24/7

Access to live webinars & recordings

10,000+

Trusted by Legal Professionals

1000+

Live stream programs

24/7

Access to live webinars & recordings

70,000+

Trusted by Legal Professionals

MCLE Credits

Alabama
Approved
Alaska
Approved
Arizona
Approved
Arkansas
Approved
California
Approved
Colorado
Pending
Connecticut
Approved
Delaware
Pending
District of Columbia
No Required
Florida
Approved
Georgia
Pending
Hawaii
Approved
Idaho
Pending
Illinois
Approved
Indiana
Approved
Iowa
Pending
Kansas
Pending
Kentucky
Pending
Louisiana
Pending
Maine
Pending
Maryland
No Required
Massachusetts
No Required
Michigan
No Required
Minnesota
Pending
Mississippi
Pending
Missouri
Approved
Montana
Pending
Nebraska
Pending
Nevada
Approved
New Hampshire
Approved
New Jersey
Approved
New Mexico
Approved
New York
Approved
North Carolina
Pending
North Dakota
Approved
Ohio
Approved
Oklahoma
Pending
Oregon
Pending
Pennsylvania
Approved
Rhode Island
Pending
South Carolina
Pending
South Dakota
No Required
Tennessee
Approved
Texas
Approved
Utah
Pending
Vermont
Approved
Virginia
Not Eligible
Washington
Approved
West Virginia
Pending
Wisconsin
Pending
Wyoming
Pending

Alabama

Requirements

The Alabama State Bar MCLE Commission requires attorneys to complete 12 credits, including 1 ethics, by December 31 of each year. All credits must be reported by February 15 of the following year. A maximum of 12 credits, including 1 ethics credit, may be carried over for 1 year only.  

Formats

  • Attorneys can earn unlimited “live” credit through live seminars, live webcasts, and co-sponsored locations with MyLAWCLE-Alabama approved programs
  • Attorneys are limited to 6 credits per compliance period of “online” programs through MyLAwCLE On-Demand programs